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UNSC Expansion Would 'Certify Transition From US Unipolarism to Multipolarity': Scholar_我的网站
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2025世界新能源汽车大会（阿联酋专场）于5月20日在阿布扎比召开，中国科学技术协会主席、世界新能源汽车大会主席万钢，阿联酋能源与基础设施部部长苏海勒·本·穆罕默德·马兹鲁伊（H.E. Suhail Al Mazrouei），海南省委书记冯飞，中国驻阿联酋大使张益明，国际可再生能源署副总干事高丽·辛格（Gauri SINGH），DP World董事长兼首席执行官苏丹·阿赫迈特·本·苏莱姆(H.E. Sultan Ahmed bin Sulayem)，Al Futaim 集团董事长奥马尔·阿尔·法蒂姆（Omar Al Futtaim）、中国科学技术协会党组成员、书记处书记兼办公厅主任周文标，阿布扎比综合交通中心公共交通事务部门执行董事穆罕默德·阿尔·霍萨尼（Mohamed Al Hosani）等出席大会。 The UN General Assembly in New York is meeting Tuesday to discuss ways to make the Security Council more representative and equitable.,The meeting, convened by General Assembly President Abdulla Shahid in a letter dated July 7, is tasked with deliberating the “question of equitable representation and an increase in the membership of the Security Council and other matters related to the Security Council.” Sahid is expected to present a draft oral decision “following consultations” with General Assembly members.,A draft presented on the UN’s website reaffirms “the central role of the General Assembly concerning the question of equitable representation on and increase in the membership of the Security Council,” and expresses “the commitment of heads of state and government representing the peoples of the world to instill new life in the discussions on the reform of the Security Council.”,The draft proposes the continuation of “intergovernmental negotiations on Security Council reform” at the upcoming 77th General Assembly in September, including the creation of an “open-ended working group” to discuss the matter.,Background,Created as part of the United Nations after the end of the Second World War, the Security Council consists of the world’s five major nuclear powers (Russia, China, the United States, France, and Britain) and 10 rotating non-permanent members. Collectively, their main goal is the maintenance of international peace and security.,A key difference between the UN and its Security Council and the League of Nations – the defunct intergovernmental organization formed in the aftermath of the First World War, is the inclusion in the former of the right for each permanent member to veto substantive resolutions made by other members, such as accepting new members into the UN, or authorizing the use of force against another country.,The veto concept was a hard-fought victory of the Soviet delegation at the San Francisco conference on the UN’s formation. Moscow argued for the right of veto to prevent one or more major powers from ganging up on others to pursue national geopolitical, economic, or military interests at the expense of others using the UN platform to provide such actions with legitimacy.,The veto principle enabled the Security Council and the UN generally to the survive multiple international crises, both during the Cold War and in the three decades after 1991, and ensured that the UN did not collapse, as its League of Nations predecessor did, in times of crisis.,Putin on 75th Anniversary of WWII: Shared Responsibility to History and Future18 June 2020, 19:47 GMT,Why Reform Now?,The Security Council underwent two major reforms: in 1965, when the original non-permanent membership was increased from six to ten to account for the emergence of new countries in the Global South after the collapse of European colonial empires, and in 1971, when the US dropped its veto to allow the People’s Republic of China to take up its rightful seat at the Security Council, replacing Taiwan.,Discussions on reforming the Security Council began anew in the early 1990s, as the United States and its allies, convinced of their triumph and status as leaders of a new global order following the collapse of the USSR, began discussing the "end of history" and conceptualizing ways to make the 21st century an “American century.” On the other side of the debate, rising powers from the Third World began pushing to reform the UN to make it more representative of their interests.,In 2005, rising economic giants India and Brazil, as well as Germany and Japan, the defeated Axis powers, formed the so-called G4 group of nations to support one another’s push for permanent Security Council membership. In 2005, then-UN Secretary General Kofi Annan put forward a proposal to expand the council to 24 members, either by creating six new permanent members and three new non-permanent ones, or eight new non-permanent members of a new class of rotating members and one additional non-permanent seat. In 2017, the G4 announced their readiness to temporarily accept non-veto wielding status to become permanent Security Council members.,Opponents of reforming the Security Council have made arguments on the basis of perceived balance of power-related concerns, such as Pakistan opposing India’s permanent membership, or Spain and Italy opposing German membership, South Korea opposing Japanese membership, and major Latin American powers like Argentina, Mexico, and Colombia opposing Brazil’s membership. Other rising powers, such as Turkey, have argued in favor of the Security Council’s expansion to better represent Asian, Latin American, and African countries.,Moscow has paid a heavy price for its permanent membership in the Security Council, first through its central role in defeating Nazi Germany and Japan during the Second World War, and then in 1991, by taking upon itself the entirety of the USSR’s $66 billion perestroika-era debt after the country’s collapse. But Russia has also expressed support for reforming the body to better represent developing nations, particularly India and Brazil, as well as a candidate from Africa. At BRICS summits in 2021 and 2022, Russia and China reiterated their continued support for improving the BRICS’ status at the UN, including via a comprehensive reform of the Security Council.,Iran Asks to Join BRICS27 June, 17:19 GMT,In recent months, these calls have grown louder, with Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov indicating in April that countries from the Global South would be an excellent way to curb the “unilateralism” of the West at the UN.,Last week, Russian Ambassador to China Andrei Denisov reaffirmed Russia’s readiness to discuss the expansion of the Security Council to provide membership to India and Brazil, but not US allies Germany and Japan.,“Russia is calling for the expansion of the UN Security Council based on a broad consensus. It requires increasing the proportionate share of African, Asian and Latin American countries for the UN Security Council to be able to reflect the aspirations of people around the world and be a more democratic body,” Denisov said, speaking at the World Peace Forum in Beijing on July 4.,“At the same time, I would like to be frank – we aren’t ready to support the accession of actors such as Germany and Japan. We don’t see any added value from their potential accession. Given the current balance on the Council – or imbalance, I should say, the membership of the two aforementioned candidates is unlikely to strengthen it, rather it will make the imbalance even more striking,” the diplomat stressed.,An Idea Whose Time Has Come?,“It appears that all nations are aware that the UNSC must become more inclusive and representative of the reality of today’s world,” says Paolo Raffone, director of the CIPI Foundation, a Brussels-based think tank.,According to the observer, apart from the 1971 modification of the Council to reflect China taking over Taiwan’s seat, the UNSC of today still largely “reflects the world of 1945.”,“For many years the UNSC has been blocked by cross-veto proceedings, affecting stability and peace in the world. Unblocking the UNSC is the most urgent need for all nations wishing for the effectiveness of a rule-based international systems,” Raffone argues.,Raffone favors adding BRICS countries into the mix, pointing to their collective status representing “the largest share of world population, land and [purchasing power parity],” as well as “spectacular” economic growth over the past two decades. “Their inclusion in the UNSC would certainly strive to keep globalization alive under new rules and governance,” and reduce problems such as lack of democracy, poor geographical representation, and “lack of legitimacy for ensuring global governance” of the current body, he believes.,The observer emphasizes, however, that for any reform initiative to succeed, two-thirds of the UN’s member states would have vote for and ratify it, with every permanent member of the Security Council also needing to agree – no easy task to pull off.,EXCLUSIVE: New Delhi Does Not Support Attempts to Isolate Russia, Says Russian Ambassador to India5 July, 10:29 GMT,New Multipolar World Order,“The enlargement of the UN Security Council would formally certify, on the international level, the transition from US unipolarism to the new multipolar architecture. It would be an epochal event!” says Tiberio Graziani, chairman of Vision & Global Trends: International Institute for Global Analyses, an Italy-based international affairs think tank.,Graziani is convinced that the benefits from the body’s expansion would be multifold, including rebalancing power in international organizations “hitherto essentially ‘Westernist’” and “hegemonized” by the West. “Above all,” he says, “enlargement would be essential to ensure greater stability” in the “turbulent geopolitical and geo-economic transition” that the present moment represents.,The observer stresses that any reforms would need to be gradual to prevent an institutional crisis, but admits that “some reforms must be radical,” given the organization’s dominance by Western powers.,Like Raffone, Graziani supports the increased visibility of BRICS nations in the body, citing their outsized significance to global security and the economy and underrepresentation in this sense.,“At the moment we are in a particular situation: on the one hand there is the West led by the United States and the British which constitutes a conservative pole that aims to maintain a hegemonic role on a planetary level, on the other hand there is a set of nations (basically the BRICS countries) which demand a greater presence in global decisions. Within the framework of the UN, the contribution of the BRICS countries would be fundamental since it would guarantee a balance that has not been there so far,” Graziani believes.,The observer stresses that there simply is no alternative to the UN’s authority in international affairs, and that subsequently, “a new, more balanced (multipolar) international forum needs to be set up” in the present situation.。万钢主席做主旨报告，表示应对气候变化，加强经济社会低碳绿色转型，是世界各国的共同选择。构建以可再生能源为重点的新型能源体系，有助于国民经济可持续发展。加快汽车产业电动化、智能化、低碳化转型，实现低碳转型与产业升级共赢。万钢主席指出中国在光伏、风电、储能设施建设领域不断创新，助力农业、工业 、渔业全面发展。汽车产业电动化、智能化转型，驱动汽车供应链与产业生态发生深刻变革，产业边界进一步拓宽，成为创新引领、数据驱动、协同高效、韧性安全、低碳可持续的新型现代化汽车产业集群。中国汽车产业有序推进，推动动力电池、充换电、可再生能源、智能驾驶协同发展。万钢主席强调，要持续深化国际交流合作，共同加快新能源汽车市场发展。阿联酋新能源汽车产业发展机遇空前，中国企业要立足阿联酋的气候特性、市场偏好等，因地制宜为阿联酋市场提供更好的产品及服务，以技术与资本的“双向奔赴”实现互利共赢。放眼世界，要充分依托共建“一带一路”“RECP”等契机，为全球特别是“南方国家”实现绿色、低碳、安全、智能发展贡献更多力量。冯飞书记分享了自贸港绿色实践，介绍海南自贸港封关与生态文明试验区建设的系列举措。
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B | 海南大力发展绿色能源，清洁能源装机占比超80%，2035年目标达94%；建成博鳌东屿岛零碳示范区，减碳99%。新能源汽车市场渗透率达58.2%，位列全国省级地区第一。同时海南还具备完备的基础设施网，全域布局充换电“一张网”平台及5G车路云协同系统。
C | 依托自贸港政策，海南与阿联酋深化合作，2024年对阿贸易增30%，洋浦港-阿布扎比港直航降本12%、提速10-15天，这将在整车与供应链协同联动方面发挥作用，助力全球绿色转型。
张益明大使表示作为中东北非地区首个签署《巴黎协定》的国家，阿联酋高度重视绿色转型和技术创新，大力发展新能源车产业，持续走在地区国家前列。中阿两国在新能源汽车及相关领域的合作，是一场恰到好处的双向奔赴。在新能源汽车领域，双方可以加强技术研发合作，共同攻克电池技术、充电基础设施等关键难题，推动新能源汽车性能提升、成本降低；在智能网联领域，两国企业可以携手探索自动驾驶、车路协同等前沿技术的应用场景，共同打造更加安全、高效、便捷的智能交通体系；在氢能领域，双方可在氢能制备、储存、运输和应用等环节开展深度合作，共同构建绿色、低碳的氢能产业链。
D | 中阿开展新能源汽车领域深度合作，一定能推动两国产业协同发展，并为全球绿色转型和可持续发展贡献中阿力量。
高丽·辛格副总干事强调全球需加速推进可再生能源部署与能源效率提升，以实现2030年净零排放目标。尽管全球可再生能源装机容量已大幅增长，但距离《联合国气候变化框架公约》第28届缔约方大会（COP28）设定的“可再生能源产能三倍增长、能源效率翻倍”目标仍有巨大差距。2024年全球新增可再生能源装机容量达585吉瓦，其中中国以显著优势占据主导地位。到2050年，全球经济中直接电气化比例将超51%，电力将成为主要能源载体，并辅以氢能等清洁能源。当前交通、建筑供暖制冷及重工业领域的电气化进程仍严重滞后，需通过技术创新突破瓶颈。这不仅需要电池和光伏技术突破，更需基础设施、商业模式及电网整合的系统性创新。呼吁各国以中国为标杆，通过政策创新与产业协作，将承诺转化为切实行动。瑞安市委常委、宣传部长孙寒星，一汽解放股份有限公司董事长李胜，KEZAD集团商业和业务拓展经理Jeffrey X L Yu，中国汽车工程研究院股份有限公司海外事业部总经理鲍欢欢就共同推动交通能源绿色转型发表演讲，畅谈中东发展机遇。阿布扎比综合交通中心公共交通事务部门执行董事穆罕默德·阿尔·霍萨尼（Mohamed Al Hosani）、百度智能驾驶事业群欧洲及中东地区总经理张亮，Kintsugi公司市场总监拉希德·阿尔·穆赫塔迪（Rashed Al Mohtadi）等就自动驾驶应用与落地发表演讲，蔚来中东和北非首席执行官穆罕默德·马克塔里（Mohammed Maktari）、广东清能新能源技术有限公司CEO张弛，中集合斯康氢能发展（河北）有限公司总经理李辉, TruKKer Technologies战略副总裁杨昂明，明阳集团电氢氨醇产业中心总经理乔太空等就清洁能源推广发表演讲。本次会议共吸引200余名来自全球汽车产业相关方参会，与会嘉宾充分交流，共同促进中阿双方合作，携手推动智慧能源、智慧交通等领域技术共研，产业链共建及市场共拓，共创开放包容、合作融通、共同发展的汽车产业新格局。Current article:http://t4nqoi.ninyakenhongnian.sbs/news/20260826_426.html
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